Wetting, cleansing, and emulsifying agents and method of producing the same



Patented Aug. '25, 1-936 YUN-ITEDTSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

. v 2,051,941 a, CLEANSING, sun EMULSIFYING.

WETTIN AGENTS AND BIE'I'HOD OF PRODUCING Heinz Hnnsdiecker and EgonVogt,

No Application December 12, 1933,

Serial No. 702,098. In Germany December '10 claims. (Cl. 252-1) 'whereinhlg" denotes halogen and R" a substituted or non-substituted alkyl oraryl radical or a salt thereof. The products are readily soluble in 5water. The halogen contained in them can be replaced by other acid ions.

It has been found that the aqueous solutions of the S-alkyl and S-arylisothiourea salts possess a very high capillary activity, particularlywhen the alkyl or aryl residue added on possesses a molecular weightwhich is not too low. Thus, for exam ple, solutions ofS-dodecylisothiourea chloride form a very stable froth even at highdilution and possess considerable wetting "powers with respect toanimal, vegetable and artificial fibres. Exactly the same holds for thecorresponding decyl, tetradecyl and hexadecyl derivatives. The choice.of the anion is of secondary importance since all the essentialproperties, that is to say, the capillary depression froth formation,etc., are for the most part independent of the nature of the anion. Inthe case of members-of the alkyl or aryl isothiourea series of highermolecular weight, (tetradecyl and S-hexadecylisothiourea) a very satis-35 factory dispersing and cleansing property is obtained in addition tothe properties already mentioned. These products are superior to normalsoaps inasmuch as their soap-like character is maintained even whenacids are added, and consequently the acid-washing process, which is ofimportance in the washing of wool, can be carried out herewith withoutdifiiculty.

'Since in the isothiourea salts the constituent of the molecule which ischaracteristic for the 45 capillary active action appears in aqueoussolution in the form of a positive ion, emulsions can be made herewithin which the particles of the emulsion possess a positive electriccharge. Isothiourea salts are particularly well suited for add- 50 ingto dye baths of basic dye-stuffs, since, in contradistinction to mostcommercial products, they do not fiocculate basic dyestuffs and theyensure a satisfactory and uniform thorough dyeing.

Since the properties of the isothiourea deriva- 55 tives depend to onlya subsidiary extent on the special nature of the added alkyl or arylresidue, isothiourea salts with other non-substituted or substitutedhydrocarbon residues can be used with similar success. The,fo1lowingcompounds amongst others come into question:-- 5

NH2.C.(S.C5H3. ortho N'Hs.

para NHCOGsHn) :NHlAc wherein Ac" indicates an acid residue, such aschlorlon. K

Finally reference must be made to the possibility of making S-alkyl andS-aryl iso-thiourea salts in which the amide or imide hydrogen atoms arereplaced by any desired organic residues and which, as regards theirbehaviour, follow the aforementioned products.

What we claim is:-

1. A process for enhancing the efilciency of treating liquids foranimal. vegetable or artificial fibers, comprising the addition to knowntreating agents for fibrous materials of a compound of the generalformula [NHz.C(SR) :NHlAc, wherein "R" means a radical selected from thegroup consisting of the alkyl and aryl radicals, and Ac" means an acidradical.

2. A process for enhancing the 'eiilciency of 39 treating liquids foranimal, vegetable or artificial fibers, comprising the addition to knowntreating agents for fibrous materials of a compound of the generalformula [NH:.C(SR) :NHlAc, wherein R" means a radical selected from thegroup consisting of the alkyl and aryl radicals wherein a hydrogen atomis substituted by an alkoxy group.

3. A process for enhancing the efilciency-of treating liquids foranimal, vegetable or artificial fibers, comprising the addition to knowntreating agents for fibrous materials of a compound of the generalformula [NI-Iz.C(SR) :NHlAc, wherein "R means a radical selected from agroup consisting of the alkyl and aryl radicals, wherein a. hydrogenatom is substituted by an alkylimine group.

4. A process for enhancing the emciency of treating liquids for animal,vegetable or artificial fibers, comprising the addition to knowntreating agents for fibrous materials of a compound of the generalformula' [NHz.C(SR) :NHlAc, wherein "it" means a radical selected from agroup consisting of the alkyl and aryl radicals, wherein a hydrogen atomis substituted by an alkoxy group.

2 spams-r 5. A process for enhancing the efliciency of treating liquidsfor animal. vegetable or artificial fibers, comprising the addition toknown treating agents for fibrous materials of a compound of 5 thegeneral formula [NHa.C(SR)-:NH]Ac',wherein R" means an alkyl radicalwith from 12 to 16 2 carbon atoms.

.6. A process for enhancing the eiilciency of treating liquids foranimal, vegetable or artificial 10 fibers comprising the additionto mowntreating agents for fibrous materials ofa compound of the generalformula [NHz.C(SR) :NHlAc, wherein "R" means the n-dode'cyl radical. 7;A process for enhancing the eillciency of 15 treating liquids foranimal, vegetable ,or artificial fibers, comprising the addition toknown treating agents for fibrous materials of a compound oi the generalformula [NH2.C(SR) :NHJAc, wherein "R" means the n-hexadecyl radical. 208. A product for treating liquids for animal,

vegetable and artificial fibers, comi a known agent for improving theproperties of said fibers, in combination with a compound of the generalformula [NH2.C(SR) :NHlAc, wheiein "3 means a radical selected from thegroup 0011- 5 sisting oi the alhl and aryl radicals and Ac means an acidradical. V j

9. A product for treating liquids for animal, vegetable, and artificialfibers. comprising a known agent ior improving the properties of said 10fibers in combination with S-dodecyl isothiourea halosenide. v p

10. A product for treating liquids for animal, vegetable, and artificialflbe comprising a known agent for improving the properties of said 15fibers in combination with S-dodecyl-isothiourea chloride.

